Dyspepsia (Indigestion)

Dyspepsia is a state at which the adult or at the child has a digestion process disturbance. Dyspepsia is defined if at the person disorders of functioning of a digestive tract take place, but at the same time changes of morphological character are absent.

How dyspepsia is shown?

The syndrome of dyspepsia is a symptom complex which is noted both at organic, and at functional damages of a gastrointestinal tract. At organic dyspepsia of pain arise during certain seasons (more often in the fall and in the spring), are more often shown at night. The person suffers at the same time from severe heartburn, at him body weight can decrease.

Depending on what the reason of disturbances of work of a digestive tract is, different types of dyspepsia are defined. Intestinal, pancreatic, hepatic, gastric dyspepsia – result of disturbances of functioning of one of departments of the alimentary system.

Putrefactive, fermentative, fatty dyspepsia – result of alimentary disturbances. Fermentative dyspepsia at children and adults is a consequence of bad digestion of carbohydrates. Because of it processes of fermentation in a large intestine sharply amplify. Such phenomenon can be observed even at the baby. Depending on features of a current acute and chronic dyspepsia of this type is defined. At the patient having this disease the general weakness of an organism, a periodic abdominal murmur, a meteorism, appetite changes (both its decrease, and increase) is noted, gases with a pungent smell often depart. One more characteristic symptom – a diarrhea, at the same time a chair can appear to 4 times a day. In excrements of the patient there is no slime and blood, they light color, with impurity of vials of gas.

Putrefactive dyspepsia at children and adults develops if disturbance of a proteopepsis takes place. As a result, there is a putrefactive decomposition of proteins which most often takes place in a large intestine. It is noted acute and chronic forms of a disease. If the disease chronic, then the patient in that case is overcome by constant persistent ponosa. Putrefactive intestinal dyspepsia is shown by abdominal distention, a constant eructation which has a smell of rotten eggs. Kal has dark color, it can be both liquid, and kashitseobrazny, has a putrefactive smell. At heavy manifestation of a symptom symptoms of intoxication of an organism are noted.

The syndrome of gastric dyspepsia often occurs at children in view of discrepancy of structure or volume of food to opportunities of a gastrointestinal tract of the child. As a rule, dyspepsia arises at children on the first year of life. At children simple dyspepsia when only functioning of the alimentary system, and toxic dyspepsia when at the child changes of exchange processes are noted is broken is defined.

Also parenteral dyspepsia which develops against other diseases is sometimes diagnosed.

The child at whom dyspepsia symptoms are noted very often belches, he notes vomiting, a frequent chair (about 8 times a day). In Calais the child there can be an impurity of white lumps, greens. The kid suffers from abdominal distention, a small appetite. As a result, the body degrowth is noted.

Toxic dyspepsia is shown owing to influence of the same reasons, as simple dyspepsia. Very often this symptom is shown at the weakened children. In an organism of the child there is an absorption of toxins therefore disturbance of digestion at toxic dyspepsia leads to damage of a liver and manifestation of symptoms of intoxication. At a severe diarrhea the water salt metabolism is broken and there is organism dehydration. Development of a disease prompt. At the child body temperature increases, the frequency of excrements which become watery increases. If toxic defeat progresses further, development of a collapse and a coma is possible. At parenteral dyspepsia the same signs are noted, as at simple dyspepsia.

Functional dyspepsia at children is defined after achievement of one-year-old age by them. At the child in such state pains or manifestations of discomfort in an anticardium are noted. At the same time organic diseases in the course of research are not found.

Very often at the women expecting the child so-called dyspepsia of pregnant women is shown. This phenomenon, as a rule, happens because of an acid reflux, that is an acid pelting from a stomach back in the woman's gullet. As a result, heartburn, an indigestion at pregnancy is noted. Sometimes symptoms of an indigestion are shown slightly and not too disturb future mother. However acute symptoms of indigestion in certain cases bring considerable discomfort. At dyspepsia at pregnant women can not only the indigestion or indigestion of intestines, but also heartburn, pain in a stomach is noted. Sometimes indigestion of food leads to nausea and even vomiting. But most often indigestion at pregnancy provokes constant feeling of overpopulation in a stomach after acceptance of food. Such symptoms can be noted in any trimester, however unpleasant feelings are aggravated last months of incubation of the kid. After the delivery all phenomena of dyspepsia disappear.

Why dyspepsia is shown?

What is dyspepsia of intestines and stomach, it is well known to those who are ill a peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, a gastroezofagoreflyuksny illness, cholecystitis, tumors of a stomach and other illnesses of the alimentary system.

Dyspepsia of intestines and stomach can develop against disturbances of nervous control of motive functions of a stomach and duodenum. Display of toxic dyspepsia is often connected with infectious diseases of intestines.

If the diagnosis "functional dyspepsia of a stomach" was made to the person, then such phenomena are connected with disorders of a digestive tract, pathological processes in intestines, dysbacteriosis, etc. Functional gastric dyspepsia is shown under the influence of a number of factors which aggravate these processes. So, gastric or intestinal dyspepsia is often noted at those who got used to absorb food very hasty. The person very badly chews food therefore it mixes up with digestive enzymes of saliva insufficiently. Also the food badly is digested at those who got used to overeat. In certain cases the phenomena of dyspepsia it is observed at those who use certain food stuffs which badly are digested a gastrointestinal tract. In certain cases negatively also the use of carbonated drinks, alcohol, the drinks containing caffeine influences the gastrointestinal tract functions.

One more factor provoking displays of dyspepsia is stressful situations. At strong emotional shocks are allocated hormones of adrenaline and a cortisone that promotes inflow of blood to muscles, but not to the alimentary system. Besides, in a condition of a stress of people swallows a lot of air in the course of absorption of food that also worsens digestion processes. It is not necessary to be engaged in physical exercises at once after acceptance of food as owing to loadings there is a redistribution of a blood-groove.

Except the specified factors developing of functional dyspepsia provokes the smoking, malicious alcohol intake, infectious diseases affecting a mucous membrane of a stomach. Sometimes the state is aggravated under the influence of high temperature of the air increased atmospheric pressure.

Displays of fermentative dyspepsia are often noted at the person if he passed to food, unusual for it, and also if a large number of a cellulose was used. Displays of putrefactive dyspepsia are sometimes connected with intestinal hypersecretion which arises as an effect of inflammatory and necrotic processes.

Displays of fatty dyspepsia are very seldom noted. This state develops after the use of fat food by those who have diseases of a liver, zhelchevyvodyashchy ways or a pancreas.

How to get rid of dyspepsia?

Before appointing treatment which will help to facilitate dyspepsia symptoms full examination for definition of the reasons of manifestation of this symptom is conducted. Also differential diagnosis of gastric dyspepsia is carried out. After carrying out full inspection the attending physician can define what gastrointestinal dyspepsia of a form is noted at the patient, and to appoint the correct treatment.

If fermentative dyspepsia of a stomach, to it is diagnosed for the patient, first of all, carrying out special fasting days, and also observance of a special proteinaceous diet is appointed. At the same time the use of carbohydrates should be limited. If the condition of the patient is gradually normalized, his diet extends. Reception of vitamins, the adsorbing drugs, fermental drugs practices.

To get rid of putrefactive dyspepsia, it is necessary to keep to a diet in which carbohydrates prevail, and proteins at the same time are limited. It is very important to eat fractionally, that is to eat not less than 6 times a day in the small portions. If the patient is disturbed by pain, to him the anesthetizing drugs can be appointed.

Treatment of dyspepsia at children at its simple form is carried out on an outpatient basis. However how to treat dyspepsia, it is necessary to ask the pediatrician surely. It is important to remove that cause which provoked development of this state. Therefore on a question what to do at an indigestion at children, the doctor answers unambiguously: first of all, the correct diet at dyspepsia is important. The water and tea diet is shown to the child who needs treatment of an indigestion for 6-12 hours. At this time it is possible to give to the kid very weak tea, Ringer's solution, 5% glucose solution, isotonic solution of sodium chloride. In the first days it is important to limit quantity of the consumed food. Except a diet, reception of enzymes and vitamins is shown. After consultation with the doctor it is possible to practice treatment by folk remedies with use of broths of herbs (fennel seeds, a plantain grass, etc.).

Toxic dyspepsia it is necessary to treat only in a hospital. Rehydration therapy for one days is carried out or the water and tea diet practices. To the patient liquid orally or intravenously is entered. Plazmozamenyayushchy solutions, later — saline solutions are entered. After hydration therapy was carried out, for one week of the child feed with exclusively breast milk or acid milk mixes. In the course of complex treatment reception of fermental drugs, vitamin complexes, antibiotics is appointed. If the disease proceeds hard, to the patient glucocorticoids, gamma-globulin are appointed.

In general treatment of dyspepsia has to assume therapy of that disease which provoked manifestations of this symptom. Not to allow development of this state, it is important to pay, first of all, special attention to a diet, the mode and feeding habits, in time to carry out treatment of all diseases of a gastrointestinal tract. As a rule, it is about the favorable forecast, but sometimes against chronic dyspepsia colitis, enteritis, dystrophic changes of a liver develops.