Kalipsolum
Drug photo
Structure
In 1 bottle of Ketaminum of a hydrochloride — 500 mg.
Release form
Solution in bottles on 10 ml.
Pharmacological action
Narcotic.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
Means for not inhalation anesthesia, causes analgetic effect which lasts till 2 o'clock, but relaxation of muscles insufficient. At its introduction reflexes (pharyngeal, tussive and guttural) and independent lung ventilation remain. This means of fast, but short action.
At intravenous administration narcotic action lasts till 10-15 min., at intramuscular till 25 — 30 min. Visceral analgetic activity is insufficient that needs to be considered at band operations. Recovery of consciousness is followed by drowsiness, quite often there are hallucinations, nonsense, a disorientation in space. Expressiveness of these reactions decrease at a combination to neuroleptics.
Use of Kalipsolum causes specific symptoms: general anesthesia, katalepsy, increase of the ABP and heart rate, somatic analgesia. Also it has bronkhodilatiruyushchy effect.
Pharmacokinetics
Is lipophilic connection therefore quickly gets into TsNS. Removal of active ingredient from a brain is carried out also quickly as it is distributed in other bodies. It is metabolized in a liver. Elimination half-life 2-3 hours. In the form of metabolites it is removed by kidneys. Cumulation is not noted.
Indications to use
- Small surgical interventions in stomatologic, otorhinolaryngological, ophthalmologic practice;
- carrying out painful manipulations (a bronkhoskopiya, processing of a burn surface, catheterization of cardial cavities, a tsistoskopiya at children);
- transportation of patients in a state of shock and blood losses;
- maintenance of an anesthesia together with other means.
Contraindications
- Arterial hypertension;
- TsNS pathology with intracranial hypertensia;
- eclampsia;
- hyperfunction of a thyroid gland;
- heavy decompensation of system blood circulation;
- mental diseases.
With care it is appointed at a disease of kidneys. During throat operations drug is combined with muscle relaxants.
Side effects
- Respiratory depression in some cases;
- psychomotor excitement;
- involuntary muscular activity;
- hallucinations;
- hypersalivation, nausea;
- tachycardia, increase of the ABP.
Kalipsolum, application instruction (Way and dosage)
Apply only in the conditions of a hospital or at a stage of rendering ambulance. The adult of dependence on indications the drug is administered intravenously by 1-3 mg on weight kg, intramusculary — 4-13 mg on weight kg.
Maintenance of an anesthesia is carried out by continuous infusion. The patient in a depressed case or weakened enter 0,5 mg/kg of weight. At children apply as an introduction anesthesia at a balanced anesthesia. At intramuscular introduction to children 1 — 6 flying is appointed by 6-10 mg/kg of weight.
Overdose
In case of fast administration of drug or use in high doses respiratory depression is noted. Treatment consists in use of IVL. At hallucinations use a haloperidol, in case of a convulsive syndrome — diazepam.
Interaction
Exponentiates effect of drugs for an inhalation anesthesia, tranquilizers and neuroleptics. Strengthens effect of tubocurarine, the pankuroniya does not influence effects of a suktsinilkholin also. Inhibitors of a monoaminooxidase are cancelled in 2 weeks prior to intended application of Kalipsolum.
Droperidolum and benzodiazepines, reduce risk of emergence of motor activity, tachycardia and increase of the ABP. It is not recommended to apply with sympathomimetics that can strengthen hypertensive and aritmogenny action. Drug is chemically incompatible with barbiturates.
Terms of sale
It is released to medical institutions.
Storage conditions
Temperature is up to 25 °C.
Period of validity
2 years.
Analogs
Nitrous oxide
Diprivan
Sodium Hydroxybutyrate
Propofol
KetaminumKetaminum, Ketalar.
About Kalipsolum
Not inhalation anesthetics are characterized by fast occurrence of effect and the minimum cardiorespiratory depression. Today in anesthesiology including pediatric, uses benzodiazepines, Kalipsolum and propofol. Kalipsolum possesses narcotic and analgetic action. It is widely used for input in an anesthesia and for anesthesia maintenance including at children. It is applied as monodrug to anesthesia at small operations as has short action.
Features of an anesthesia Kalipsolum are that drug causes the general anesthesia and hypnotic action with partial loss of consciousness (a similar state as at a neuroleptanalgesia). Such insufficient oppression of consciousness under the influence of this drug is called dissociative anesthesia. The surgical grade of anesthesia under its influence does not develop. Besides, it possesses hallucinogenic action and excites convulsive reactions. Sympathomimetic properties of drug have favorable effect at an anesthesia at patients with hypotension.
Side effects are noted seldom, but at fast intravenous administration, the respiratory depression is noted. Many patients have spontaneous movements as the muscle tone increases. At a third of patients vomiting during the postoperative period is noted.
- "… This anesthesia to me was done during bandagings (there was a big surface of a burn) and after it there was a confused consciousness, unpleasant and even terrible dreams".
- "… At operation did not do me an anesthesia by Kalipsolum as I have an increased intraocular pressure. The anesthesiologist found out it at conversation".
