B3 vitamin (niacin)

B3 vitamin (niacin) – vitamin, medicinal substance which participates in many cellular oxidizing reactions. Till 2008 in Russia it was used as a food additive, but today it is prohibited.

Main functions of niacin:

Participation in a metabolism of amino acids, proteins, fats. Maintenance of processes of biosynthesis. Normalization of tissue respiration. Providing a glycogenolysis – reaction which proceeds in muscles and a liver. Normalizes the level of lipoproteins of blood. Can reduce concentration of cholesterol in blood at a priyantiya of high doses (3 g/days).

• Has anti-atherogenous effect
• Expansion of blood vessels, mainly small (including brain)
• Has anticoagulating action
• Improves microcirculation
• Improves fibrinolitic blood activity
• Strengthening of effect of vasodilating drugs
• Regulates the content of glucose in blood
• Maintenance of a healthy condition of skin

B3 vitamin sources:

• Meat, kidneys, liver
• Bread
• Haricot, buckwheat
• Mushrooms
• Pineapples

Requirement

15 — 20 mg are made by daily need for niacin.

Indications

For reception of B3 vitamin there is a set of indications from which it is possible to distinguish: unbalanced and defective food, malabsorption (including because of disturbance of work of a pancreas), a pellagra (the disease caused by irrational food), Hartnup's illness (disturbance of digestion of amino acids), fast weight loss, persistent diarrhea, an illness Krone, a gluten enteropathy, a gastroektomiya, cirrhosis and chronic hepatitises, long fever, persistent infections, a hyperthyroidism, pregnancy, a lactation, malignant tumors, a lipidemia, trophic ulcers and long not healing wounds, colitis, gipoatsidny gastritis, neuritis of a facial nerve, disturbance of blood circulation in a brain, diseases and vasospasms, a mikroangiopatiya, a diabetic polyneuropathy.

Contraindications

With caution B3 vitamin should be taken at a peptic ulcer of a 12-perstny gut and a stomach (out of an aggravation stage), hyperacid gastritis, arterial hypotension, a liver failure, a hyperuricemia, gout, glaucoma, a hemorrhage. Absolute contraindication for reception of additional doses of B3 vitamin is hypersensitivity to it, age till two years.

Side effects

At overdose by niacin the hyperemia of an upper half of a trunk and face skin, dizziness, paresthesias, arrhythmia, strong skin court, nausea, vomiting, dryness mucous an eye and skin, diarrhea, a mialgiya is possible. At use a current of a long time dizziness, a headache, fatty dystrophy of a liver, feeling of heat, a hyperuricemia.

Symptoms of deficit of B3 vitamin:

• Diarrhea, disturbances in work of a gastrointestinal tract
• From TsNS: emotional instability, appetite loss, headaches, excitability, memory loss, fatigue
• Language inflammation
• Pigmentation and peelings of skin under the influence of sunshine